Learning
and development practitioners could embellish this argument, sharing the belief
that learning is beneficial to everyone, and a worthwhile investment for any
organisation, but… (There had to be a but coming, didn’t there?)
Learning
is ubiquitous: it happens everywhere, planned or not, and we are increasingly
aware of informal learning and social learning.
Organisations have limited resources and need to make some tough choices
about what to invest in: planned learning is only one of them, as there are
many other competing investments that can drive productivity, profitability and
success.
And
so typically we look to learning and development to cause performance
improvement, which should yield measurable business impact. And the key to successful L&D is to
ensure it directly contributes to performance improvement.
As
planned learning usually takes place away from the job, or even on-the-job is
often protected from exposure to normal risks and costs, this means ensuring
that learning transfers to work. To put
it another way, the knowledge, skill and competence people learn in organised
L&D activities need to be applied at work.
This
is reflected in Donald Kirkpatrick’s evaluation levels, where his second level
is about ensuring knowledge and skill have been learnt, and his third level is
about ensuring that knowledge and skill are applied to work.
Dr
Ed Holton has identified an academic model of 16 learning transfer factors,
based on research in the USA, and there are other models. The essential truth
is that no L&D initiative is complete unless it has a built-in process to
overcome any barriers to learning transfer and ensure learning transfer
actually takes place.
Learning
and development are important in life, in almost any context, but in
organisations their importance lies in how they are embedded in, and contribute
to, performance improvement. The simple
paradigm is that learning and development leads to performance improvement,
which in turn leads to business results.
L&D
practitioners need to pay more attention to performance improvement.